Swayambhunath (Monkey Temple)

Swayambhunath, popularly known as the Monkey Temple due to the resident macaque monkeys, is one of the oldest religious sites in Nepal. Perched on a hill west of Kathmandu, the stupa's gilded spire and all-seeing eyes of the Buddha gaze out over the entire valley.

The complex dates back over 2,500 years and is sacred to both Buddhists and Hindus, making it a perfect example of Nepal's religious harmony. The main stupa is surrounded by a variety of shrines, temples (including the Hindu temple to Harati, goddess of smallpox), and a Tibetan monastery.

Climbing the 365 steep steps from the eastern base is the traditional approach, passing ancient stone sculptures and prayer wheels. The hilltop offers one of the best panoramic views of Kathmandu — stunning at sunset when the city lights begin to twinkle below.

The site is especially atmospheric during Buddha Jayanti (Buddha's birthday) when thousands of pilgrims circumambulate the stupa. The surrounding area includes several important monasteries and the Natural History Museum.